Calculi migration into the left renal vein during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a rare complication and literature review

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has long been the standard treatment of choice for the management of large and complex renal calculi. PCNL is a safe and well-tolerated surgical procedure when performed systematically and correctly; however, as with any surgical intervention, although mild complications may occur in this surgery, serious complications may also occur. In this article, we report a rare case of migration of residual calculi into the renal vein during PCNL surgery and aim to present its presentation, treatment and management in a tertiary care center.