Clinical Manifestations, Diagnostic Approaches and Preventive Strategies for Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) in Türkiye: A Contemporary Review*

Authors : Ayşe Özge Demir, Sinan Hakan

Pages : 98-119

View : 49 | Download : 233

Publication Date : 2025-12-23

Article Type : Review Paper

Abstract :Foot and mouth disease (FMD) remains one of the most economically devastating transboundary animal diseases worldwide, affecting cloven hoofed animals including cattle, sheep, goats and pigs. Türkiye, due to its strategic geographical position bridging Europe and Asia, continues to face periodic challenges from FMD outbreaks. This review based study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the clinical symptoms, diagnostic procedures, treatment protocols and prevention strategies currently employed against FMD in Türkiye. Emphasis is placed on the species specific clinical presentations, the importance of differential diagnosis and the integration of molecular diagnostics such as RT-PCR and ELISA in rapid disease confirmation. Supportive treatment options, including anti-inflammatory therapy, nutritional support and secondary infection control are discussed in light of field realities. Furthermore, Türkiye’s vaccination strategies and regional control programs are evaluated for their current effectiveness. The findings underscore the need for continuous veterinary training, improved surveillance systems and enhanced awareness among livestock owners to ensure timely response and reduce the socioeconomic burden of FMD.
Keywords : Şap hastalığı (FMD), Türkiye, ELISA, RT-PCR

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