Growing Degree Day and Seed Yield Relationships in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Under Different Sowing Seasons and Locations of Turkey

Authors : Fatma KAYAÇETİN, Fadul ÖNEMLİ, Güngör YILMAZ, Khalid Mahmood KHAWAR, Ahmet KINAY, Halil HATİPOĞLU, Mehmet Niyazi KIVILCIM, Nimet KARA, Arzu KÖSE, Fırat SEFAOĞLU, Kadir Aytaç ÖZAYDIN

Pages : 298-308

Doi:10.15832/ankutbd.424218

View : 77 | Download : 15

Publication Date : 2019-09-05

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Mustard is grown in mild winter regions as late fall and in hard winter regions as late spring crop. Mustard has high  degree of adaptability under wide range of climatic conditions in Turkey. Temperature is an important weather parameter  affecting the growth and development of the mustard. The sum growing degree day insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(GDD); for a growing season is  related to plant development which is depends on the accumulation of heat. The aim of this study was to determine the  adaptation of mustard, under sowing seasons insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(spring and fall sowing); and locations in terms of crop growth insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(emergence,  50% flowering, physiological maturity, and sum growing degree days); and seed yield of mustard. Two-year field  experiments in a split-plot design with four replications were carried out during 2013-14 and 2014-15 growing seasons   at eight different ecological locations. These locations included Ankara, Aydın, Erzurum, Eskişehir, Isparta, Tekirdağ,  Tokat and Şanlıurfa provinces of Turkey-as classified by Köppen-Geiger ecological conditions. The Brassica juncea  L. insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(mustard seeds); were collected from wild conditions in the Konya province of Turkey. The results showed that,  sowing seasons and locations significantly affected seed yield and GDD. The maximum seed yield of 3754.9 kg ha-1  was obtained from Tokat insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(warm humid); during fall sowing with total accumulated GDD of 1512.1 °C for mustard. Sum  growing degree-days accumulated in different sowing seasons and locations occurred between 1132.0 °C and 2285.1 °C  depending on the related ecological conditions. Fall season crop in Aydın location had the maximum growing degree  days. Overall, fall season accumulated more growing degree days due to longer period of sunshine in comparison to  spring season with less sunshine days resulting in longer vegetation period.
Keywords : Brassica juncea L, Fall and spring sowing, Growing degree day, Mustard

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