Electrophysiology of pancreatic beta cells: a comprehensive review of ion channel function, electrical activity, and secretory mechanisms

Authors : Aykut Oruç, Kadriye Yağmur Oruç, Semih Cin, Hakkı Oktay Seymen

Pages : 83-96

Doi:10.55665/troiamedj.1751695

View : 35 | Download : 54

Publication Date : 2025-09-30

Article Type : Review Paper

Abstract :Pancreatic β-cells play a crucial role in maintaining glucose homeostasis through the regulation of insulin secre- tion. The electrophysiological properties of these cells, including ion channel function, electrical activity, and secretory mechanisms, are essential for their proper physiological function. In this comprehensive review, we provide an in-depth analysis of the electrophysiology of pancreatic β-cells. We discuss the various ion channels involved in the generation and modulation of electrical signals, such as voltage-gated ion channels, ATP-sensitive and delayed rectifier potassium ion channels, calcium ion channels, chloride channels and transient receptor poten- tial channels. Additionally, we examine the intricate interplay between intracellular calcium dynamics and insulin release. Furthermore, we explore the physiological and pathological factors that influence the electrophysiology of β-cells. A comprehensive understanding of the electrophysiological mechanisms governing pancreatic beta cell function is crucial for elucidating the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and developing novel therapeutic strategies.
Keywords : pankreatik beta hücreleri, insülin, elektrofizyoloji, KATP kanalları, BK kanalları, TRPM kanalları

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