İnsanın Evrim Süreci ve En Eski Kültürleri

Authors : Güven Arsebük

Pages : 31-49

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Publication Date : 1999-12-15

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Philogynetically, man is a member of the zoological order Primates. In spite of the fact that different fossil forms had existed in the past, today he is represented only with a single species. Homo sapiens. Contrary to all the other living organisms, man\\\'s evoluti- on was not only biological but also cultural. According to the author, man\\\'s evolution proper starts with Ardipithecus ramidus about 4.500.000 million years B.P. and going through a number of evolutionary phases, reaches its present stage (Homo sapiens sapiens) some 50/40.000 years ago. His earliest cultural remains so far discovered, Oldowan tools, go back to some 2.500.000 years ago. As of today, the cradle of mankind seems to be Africa but first with Homo erectus to occupy the rest of the Old World (i.e. Asia and Europe), later Homo sapiens sapiens had inhabited the continents of Australia, Ameri- cas and the rest of the world. Starting with the Lower Paleolithic (about 400.000 years ago as recently evidenced at the cave of Yarımburgaz), all the major phases of Paleolithics are represented in Turkey.
Keywords : Evrim, Filogeni, Homo erectus, Homo neandertalensis (Neandertal), Homo sapiens, Hominid, Paleolitik, Pleistosen, Taş alet

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