Economic Growth and Gender-Specific Unemployment: Comparison of Selected Oil Exporters and Eastern European Countries (1996 - 2021)

Authors : Aslı Yenipazarlı, Orhan Şanlı, Funda Çondur, Necmiye Cömertler

Pages : 774-789

Doi:10.33712/mana.1488396

View : 84 | Download : 109

Publication Date : 2025-01-06

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :In this study, the relationship between economic growth and gender-based unemployment in developing economies was analyzed for the period 1996-2021. Eastern European countries and oil exporting countries constitute the scope of the study. Gender-specific unemployment data consists of annual changes in male, female, and total unemployment. The real GDP growth rate has been included in the model as the dependent variable. In the study using the panel data method, the GDP gap model of Okun\\\'s Law was tested for oil-exporting Middle Eastern countries (Model 1) and Eastern European countries (Model 2). According to the PMG and FMOLS results of the First Model, the unemployment rates of women and men in oil-exporting Middle Eastern countries negatively affect economic growth. In other words, as unemployment increases, economic growth slows down and even turns negative. In the second model, the effect of unemployment by gender on growth in Eastern European countries is different from the first model. According to the PMG and FMOLS results, the female unemployment rate positively affects growth, while the direction of the impact of male unemployment rates on growth is negative for both country groups, as expected. There is a same-directional relationship between female unemployment and growth in Model 2 countries. This result shows the prevalence of unemployment benefits and suggests that labor laws in these countries can be effective in reducing the impact of unemployment.
Keywords : Ekonomik Büyüme, Cinsiyete Dayalı İşsizlik, Okun Yasası

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