Clinical and morphologic features of macular telangiectasia type 2: natural course of the disease

Authors : Püren Işık, İlgin Kaya, Ebru Esen, Nihal Demircan, Hülya Binokay
Pages : 760-768
Doi:10.17826/cumj.1510175
View : 120 | Download : 282
Publication Date : 2024-09-30
Article Type : Research Paper
Abstract :Purpose: The purpose of this study is to report the clinical characteristics of macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel 2) in a natural disease course. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with MacTel 2 over a 4-year period. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were reviewed. Differences in BCVA, fundoscopic findings, and OCT parameters were compared between the initial and final visits. Results: The study included 28 eyes from 14 patients (11 women, 3 males), with a mean age of 65.5 ± 9.8 years. The mean follow-up period was 55.6 ± 32.9 months. The mean BCVA at baseline and final follow-up were 0.51 ± 0.6 and 0.7 ± 0.62 logMAR, respectively. At the first and last visits, the right-angle venules were the most common fundoscopic finding (78.6% for both). Subretinal neovascularization (NV) was initially present in two eyes and developed in one eye during follow-up. The mean temporal macular thickness decreased significantly during the follow-up period, while the central and nasal thickness did not show a significant change. At the last visit, focal ellipsoid zone (EZ) loss was found in 27 eyes (96.4%), compared to 24 eyes (85.7%) at baseline. External limiting membrane (ELM) loss was found in 23 eyes (82.1%) at the first visit and in 25 eyes (89.3%) at the final visit. The increase in mean length of the EZ and ELM loss during the follow-up was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Despite the progressive effect of the disease on central visual acuity, it is very important to closely monitor these eyes for the development of secondary NV, which may develop due to degenerative and atrophic changes in the macula.
Keywords : Dış limitan membran, ellipsoid zon, hiporeflektif kavitasyon, makular telanjiektazi tip-2

ORIGINAL ARTICLE URL