In uence of Environments on The Amount and Stability of Grain Yield in The Modern Winter Wheat Cultivars II. Evaluation of Each Variety

Authors : Nikolay Tsenov, Dobrinka Atanasova, Todor Gubatov

Pages : 57-73

View : 22 | Download : 9

Publication Date : 2016-01-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Cultivars grown at the farmers’ Şelds were selected and tested for three consecutive years at eight locations in Bulgaria, which were representative for the entire territory of the country and had contrasting soil and climatic conditions for crop growing. SigniŞcant variations of grain yield were found among the investigated cultivars regardless of their speciŞc response to the year conditions and the location. The interaction genotype x environments was signiŞcant and high, and was of non-linear type. The changeable environmental conditions caused different reactions of the cultivars, which allowed dividing them into groups according to the plasticity and stability they demonstrated. The variation in this experiment determined through Principal Component Analysis insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(PCA reached level four, which is comparatively rare for this trait. On the whole, PC1 had low value insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(49%);, while PC2 was high insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(16%);. There were several cultivars with very high PC2 values, exceeding several times the values of their respective PC1. The percent of variation caused by the environment was signiŞcant for grain yield under the conditions of Bulgaria. The investigated cultivars differed not only by grain yield but also by their plasticity and stability under changeable environments, the percent of the genotype effect being about 12 % for the entire experiment. It was found that each cultivar can give high grain yield at high ecological stability regardless of its genetic potential for quality. Best balance between grain yield and stability was found in cultivars Aglika, Demetra, Iveta insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Şrst quality group);, Galateya, Slaveya insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(second quality group); and Todora, Kristal and Pryaspa insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(third quality group);
Keywords : wheat, grain yield, cultivars, genotype х environment, stability