Exploring the long-term influence of governance on energy intensity: A fourier-based empirical study on Türkiye

Authors : Hakan Yıldız

Pages : 1723-1746

Doi:10.58559/ijes.1740732

View : 56 | Download : 216

Publication Date : 2025-12-29

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :This study investigates the long-run relationship between institutional quality and energy intensity in Türkiye using annual data from 1996 to 2023. Specifying governance indicators of the World Bank as explanatory variables, we apply the FMOLS, CCR, and DOLS approaches to achieve long-run estimates. The Johansen cointegration test results give us evidence of a long-term equilibrium association between energy intensity and governance variables. According to long-run estimation results, variables related to government effectiveness, control of corruption, and political stability significantly reduce energy intensity. Conversely, voice and accountability, as well as regulatory quality variables, are found to increase energy intensity. The significance of the Fourier terms underscores the significance of pondering the effects of cyclical fluctuations and structural breaks on energy intensity. While the findings support the positive effects of institutional quality on energy efficiency, they also suggest that the direction of these effects may vary depending on the governance indicator and the country context. The study provides policy suggestions grounded on its outcomes, emphasizing the importance of supporting energy efficiency policies not only with technical or economic tools, but also with institutional reform and effective governance.
Keywords : Energy intensity, Governance quality, World Wide Governance Indicators, Türkiye

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