Immune Responses and Growth Performance of the Aqueous Methanolic Extract of Malva sylvestris in Oncorhynchus mykiss

Authors : Soner BİLEN, Mustafa KARGA, Yasemin ÇELİK ALTUNOĞLU, Ferhat ULU, Gouranga BISWAS

Pages : 159-167

Doi:10.33714/masteb.746951

View : 17 | Download : 7

Publication Date : 2020-12-31

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Growth promoting and immune stimulating effects of common mallow insert ignore into journalissuearticles values( Malva sylvestris ); aqueous methanolic extract insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(AME); in O. mykiss were examined. Two different concentrations of common mallow AME [0.1 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(CM1); and 0.5 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(CM5); g kg -1 of feed] commixed a basic diet and a control diet without the common mallow extract were fed to rainbow trout for 30 days to evaluate growth rate and immune responses. At the end of the study, fish growth performance was determined as significantly higher in the group fed with 0.1 g kg -1 common mallow AME compared with control diet fed group insert ignore into journalissuearticles values( P <0.05);. In fish fed with CM5 diet, oxidative radical production insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(ORP); was the highest insert ignore into journalissuearticles values( P <0.05);. Similarly, myeloperoxidase insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(MPO); activity was increased significantly in CM5 group. Lysozyme insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(LYS); and phagocytic activities insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(PA); were not altered in treated fish groups compared to the control group insert ignore into journalissuearticles values( P <0.05);. The pro-inflammatory insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IL-1β, TNF-α1, IL-8,);, anti-infammatory insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IL-10);, lymphocyte agonist insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(TGF-β); and cell-mediated immune regulatory, IL-12 cytokines were generally down-regulated insignificantly compared to control. Although, common mallow AME could not elicit cytokine-mediated immunity and resistance to bacterial pathogen, A. hydrophila in rainbow trout, elevation in ORP and MPO activities in treated groups and growth promoting effect were noticed at a low dose. Therefore, application AME of common mallow at 0.1 g kg -1 of feed as growth promoter and non-specific immunostimulant is advocated for rainbow trout.
Keywords : Oncorhynchus mykiss, Malva sylvestris, Immunostimulant, Cytokine response, Growth promotion