The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on Post-Earthquake Trauma Levels and Coping with Earthquake Stress in Adolescent Survivors

Aim: This study examines the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), post-earthquake trauma levels, and coping mechanisms among adolescent survivors of the 2023 earthquakes in Türkiye. Material and Method: A cross-sectional and descriptive design was used. Data were collected from 312 adolescents aged 15–19 years residing in 11 earthquake-affected provinces between November and December 2023. The Adverse Childhood Experiences Scale (ACEs), Post-Earthquake Trauma Symptoms Scale, and Coping with Earthquake Stress Scale (CESS) were administered via an online survey. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses were performed. Results: The adolescents had moderate ACE scores and above-average trauma levels. Those with higher ACEs reported significantly higher trauma symptoms and lower scores in religious coping. Female participants and those with higher income demonstrated better coping abilities. Regression analysis revealed that ACEs predicted 8% of the variance in trauma symptoms and religious coping. Conclusion: Adverse childhood experiences negatively impact adolescents’ ability to cope with earthquake-related stress and contribute to elevated trauma levels. Strengthening early childhood protection and implementing psychosocial interventions post-disaster may support recovery in vulnerable youth. Health professionals, particularly nurses, should be equipped to deliver trauma-informed care in disaster contexts.