ÉVOLUTION HISTORIQUE DU TRAVAIL SOCIAL EN TURQUIE: DE L’EMPIRE OTTOMAN À LA REPUBLIQUE

Authors : Bekir GÜZEL

Pages : 391-413

View : 72 | Download : 8

Publication Date : 2020-12-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :The tradition of philanthropy defined as charity, social assistance or solidarity in the modern world, has existed for thousands of years in the geography of Anatolia in Turkey. In the Ottoman Empire, foundations were the most important institutional structures that served for philanthropic purposes. Foundations have played a very important role in meeting the needs of the poor and needy, particularly in the areas of education, health, housing and care. Since the beginning of the 19th century, the deterioration and evolution of the foundation tradition have not been able to sufficiently meet social needs for various reasons such as internal troubles, deterioration of the economic structure and political instability. This situation caused damage to social order and integration, the State (the sultans) went to meet these needs with different institutions and organizations. In this period, there were also various social services offered by philanthropists, communities or foundations, with the exception of the State. However, in this study, only the services provided by institutions and organizations opened by the State will be mentioned. In this framework, Darüşşafaka, Dulhane, Dârülaceze, Dârülhayr-ı Âli and Dârüleytâm are the institutions and organizations to be examined in this study. These institutions/organizations have been discussed in different articles before; however, the importance of this study lies in the fact that these structures were written for the first time in order to create a French literature on the topic.
Keywords : Ottoman Empire, Sultan Abdülhamid II, Social Work, Foundations, Philanthropy

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