Evaluation of Initial Yield Perfomances of Perennial Wheat Genotypes and Their F1 Hybrids

Authors : Burcu Gökbulut, Deniz Istipliler

Pages : 253-262

Doi:10.33202/comuagri.1582025

View : 146 | Download : 198

Publication Date : 2024-12-27

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :The rising demand for sustainable food production due to climate challenges has increased tthe interest in perennial crops as potential solutions. Perennial wheat, a hybrid derived from crossbreeding traditional wheat (Triticum spp.) and perennial species generally Thinopyrum spp., offers promising ecological benefits, including enhanced soil health, reduced erosion, and carbon sequestration. This study evaluates the first-year yield performances of 20 perennial wheat genotypes and 23 F1 hybrids obtained from intraspecific crosses among these lines, compared to two commercial bread wheat cultivars. The field experiments were conducted over two consecutive growing seasons (2021-2022 and 2022-2023) at experimental fields of Ege University Field Crops Department, the seeds were sown in a randomized complete block design for the perennial lines and a randomized incomplete block design for F1 hybrids. Key agronomic traits measured were plant height (PH), grain number per spike (GNS), thousand kernel weight (TKW), and plot yield (PY). The ANOVA indicated significant genotypic effects on all traits (p<0.01), and year effects were significant for PH (p<0.05) and TKW (p<0.01). Heritability estimates were high for all four triats, particularly for PH (H2=0.93), TKW (H2=0.82), and GNS (H2=0.77), demonstrating substantial genetic influence on these traits. PH showed considerable variation, with genotypes derived from Thinopyrum ponticum exhibiting the tallest growth, while commercial checks displayed relatively shorter stature. The commercial cultivars excelled in yield-related traits, consistently ranking in the highest statistical groups for TKW, GNS, and PY. Promising genotypes included G18 ( sourced from Th. intermedium) and G19 (sourced from Th. ponticum), which close to commercial standards in TKW and PY across both years showed that these lines are promising for future breeding studies aiming to improve the yield. These results highlight that certain perennial wheat genotypes can be used in breeding programs for high yield, while indicating that the yield performance of the lines is affected by their genetic sources.
Keywords : çok yıllık buğday, verim, bitki boyu, kalıtım derecesi, heterosis

ORIGINAL ARTICLE URL