Understanding Ankylosing Spondylitis from the Perspective of the International Classification of Functioning (ICF): A Descriptive and Qualitative Study

Authors : Münevver İşler, Khalid Muataz Khalid Babiker, Sema Alnajım

Pages : 143-154

Doi:10.33713/egetbd.1812890

View : 138 | Download : 56

Publication Date : 2025-12-31

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :OBJECTIVE: Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a chronic disease that can have multidimensional effects, extending beyond limitations on physical functioning to impact social relationships and psychological well-being. Understanding these complex effects on daily living activities and overall functionality is critically important for developing effective rehabilitation approaches. However, the existing literature contains a limited number of studies that evaluate the functional impact of AS on individuals from a multidimensional perspective. This study aims to qualitatively examine the effects of AS on the daily living activities and functionality of individuals diagnosed with the condition, within the framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model. MATERIALS and METHODS: This study was designed using a qualitative case study approach. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 individuals (n=20) who had been diagnosed with AS and followed for at least one year at the Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Uşak University. The data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method developed by Braun and Clarke (1). RESULTS: As a result of the content analysis, 52 codes derived from participants’ statements were grouped under 5 main themes and 12 subthemes. All participants reported experiencing significant limitations in their daily activities due to physical symptoms such as chronic pain, morning stiffness, and fatigue. These symptoms were associated with widespread functional impairments, particularly in areas such as employment, use of public transportation, personal care, and social interaction. Additionally, difficulties in accessing medications and healthcare services were found to negatively affect treatment adherence and overall functionality. CONCLUSION: Ankylosing Spondylitis creates a complex impact that affects not only individuals’ physical capacity but also their social, psychological, and environmental dimensions. The ICF model offers an effective framework for understanding these multidimensional effects of the disease and for developing individualized rehabilitation strategies. The findings of this study highlight the necessity of a holistic, patient-centered, and function-oriented approach in the management of AS.
Keywords : Ankilozan spondilit, ICF, fonksiyonel kısıtlanma, yaşam kalitesi, nitel analiz

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