An Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technologies in Islamic Inheritance Law Knowledge: A Comparison of ChatGPT and Google Gemini

Authors : Hüseyin Okur

Pages : 457-489

Doi:10.59777/ihad.1739678

View : 133 | Download : 277

Publication Date : 2025-12-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :The rapid development of artificial intelligence models has sparked debates about the potential of these technologies to replace human labor across various sectors; in some areas, significant reductions in personnel have already been executed, with systems being transferred to AI-based solutions. One of the fields affected by this transformation is law. Today, in countries such as China, Colombia, Argentina, the United Kingdom, and the United States, it is known that artificial intelligence is permitted to be used in judicial processes, albeit in a limited capacity, either as a primary or auxiliary tool. The aim of this study is to comparatively evaluate the reliability and comprehensibility of responses provided by ChatGPT (developed by OpenAI) and Gemini (developed by Google AI) to questions concerning “Islamic Inheritance Law.” Both are among the most well-known and widely accessible AI tools for general users. By analyzing the accuracy of information these two AI models offer on the subject of “Islamic Inheritance Law,” the study aims to explore the applicability of these technologies in the legal field in general and in Islamic law in particular. In this study, questions selected from easy, medium, and hard categories were drawn from exam questions in the Islamic Inheritance Law unit of the Islamic Law I course taught to second-year students at Kocaeli University’s Faculty of Theology. These questions were posed to the two AI models, and the resulting answers were evaluated by two experts in Islamic law. The results obtained were analyzed using tools such as SPSS, and a comparative evaluation of the knowledge and interpretive abilities of these AI models regarding Islamic law was conducted in terms of both accuracy and comprehensibility.
Keywords : İslam Hukuku, İslam Miras Hukuku, Yapay Zekâ (AI), Karşılaştırmalı Değerlendirme, ChatGPT, Google Gemini, Hukuki Bilgi Güvenilirliği

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