Investigating the Impact of Birth Method on the Development of Postpartum Depression

Authors : Mehmet Can Keven, Melike Savas, Ebru Yücel, Seda Yıldız, Nadi Keskin
Pages : 462-466
Doi:10.38136/jgon.1723408
View : 50 | Download : 132
Publication Date : 2026-01-03
Article Type : Research Paper
Abstract :Abstract Aim Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant depressive disorder occurring after childbirth. Although traditionally defined as major depressive disorder manifesting within one month postpartum, PPD can also arise during pregnancy or beyond the first postpartum month. Affecting approximately 10–15% of women in developed countries, PPD poses serious consequences for both mother and child. This study aims to evaluate whether the mode of delivery is a risk factor for PPD, determine postpartum depression rates, and increase awareness of this condition. Materials and Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of our hospital between March and June 2025. Women undergoing cesarean or vaginal deliveries who presented for postpartum check-ups between 7 and 14 days after delivery were screened for PPD using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Clinico-demographic characteristics, PHQ-9 scores, and PPD rates were compared between delivery groups. Results Among 289 participants, 67 (23.1%) screened positive for PPD. The median PHQ-9 score was 6.5 in the vaginal delivery group and 7.5 in the cesarean section group. PPD prevalence was 25.4% in the vaginal delivery group and 19.8% in the cesarean section group. These differences were not statistically significant (p=0.628 and p=0.268, respectively). Conclusion The prevalence of PPD in our population aligns with or slightly exceeds rates reported in the literature. Cesarean delivery does not appear to confer additional risk for PPD. Given the profound impact of maternal mental health on the mother, infant, and family, healthcare providers, including obstetricians, pediatricians, family physicians, nurses, and midwives, should maintain vigilance for depressive symptoms during the postpartum period.
Keywords : Postpartum depresyon, vajinal doğum, sezaryen, postpartum depresyon oranları

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