The Effect of Researcher-Designed and ChatGPT-Generated Analogies on 6th Grade Students' Academic Achievement and Ability to Relate Concepts to Daily Life: The Case of the Respiratory System

Authors : İbrahim Enes Tosun, Şirin İlkörücü
Pages : 545-568
Doi:10.52826/mcbuefd.1688589
View : 154 | Download : 314
Publication Date : 2025-12-24
Article Type : Research Paper
Abstract :Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in education to support personalized learning and innovative teaching strategies. This study examines the effects of researcher-designed and ChatGPT-generated analogies on 6th-grade students’ understanding of the respiratory system and their ability to connect scientific concepts with daily life. Addressing a gap in the literature, the research compares the instructional effectiveness of AI-supported and researcher-created analogies in authentic classroom settings. A quasi-experimental pre-test post-test control group design was employed with 65 students from a public school in Bilecik, Türkiye, during the 2023–2024 academic year. Students were assigned to two experimental groups and one control group: the former received analogy-based instruction, while the latter was taught conventionally. Data were analysed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey HSD. Results indicated that both experimental groups outperformed the control group in academic achievement, though no significant difference emerged between researcher- and ChatGPT-based analogies. Qualitative findings highlighted that students perceived both approaches as beneficial for enhancing conceptual understanding, motivation, and real-life connections. Some suggested incorporating visuals, videos, and hands-on activities to strengthen analogy effectiveness. Overall, the study demonstrates that AI tools like ChatGPT, when aligned with pedagogical principles, can enrich science education and foster cognitive and affective learning outcomes.
Keywords : Yapay Zeka, ChatGPT, Analoji, Fen Eğitimi, Solunum Sistemi

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