Gender inequality in the agricultural sector: The case of G20 countries

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Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi
Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2
Gender inequality in the agricultural sector: The case of G20 countries

Gender inequality in the agricultural sector: The case of G20 countries

Pages : 334-346

View : 56 | Download : 54

Publication Date : 2025-08-21

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :The G20 countries comprise nations that account for a significant share of global economic and agricultural production. In this context, gender inequality in the agricultural sector, particularly the imbalance in the distribution of male and female labor, emerges as a critical issue. To develop effective policies aimed at reducing gender disparity, it is essential to accurately identify the parameters influencing this gap in the sector. This study examines the parameters contributing to the gender division in agricultural labor within G20 countries and analyzes the data using three distinct dynamic panel regression models for 1992-2022 period. In the first model, the agricultural trade deficit is included as an independent variable in addition to other variables that may affect the gender labor division. In the second model, agricultural import data replaces the trade deficit, while the third model incorporates agricultural export variables. The results obtained through the Arellano-Bover/Blundell-Bond dynamic panel regression model reveal that an increase in agricultural production exacerbates gender disparity. Additionally, higher rates of basic education negatively affect the ratio of female to male labor. This increase, occurring either through a rise in male labor or a decline in female labor, indicates a disadvantageous situation for women. Similarly, higher rates of employer status, self-employment, and fertility negatively impact women’s participation in the workforce. These findings demonstrate that policies aimed at reducing gender disparity in the agricultural sector of G20 countries should consider the effects of agricultural production, basic education rates, fertility rates, and self-employment ratios.
Keywords : Cinsiyet Ayrımı, G20 Ülkeleri, Tarımsal Üretim, Panel Veri Analizi

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