Relapse and prognostic factors in pediatric status epilepticus: a single-center study

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Cukurova Medical Journal
Cilt: 50 Sayı: 4
Relapse and prognostic factors in pediatric status epilepticus: a single-center study

Relapse and prognostic factors in pediatric status epilepticus: a single-center study

Authors : Asiye Burcu Şahin, Faruk İncecik, Dincer Yildizdas

Pages : 1004-1012

Doi:10.17826/cumj.1665915

View : 98 | Download : 276

Publication Date : 2025-12-22

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate relapse rates and prognostic factors in pediatric status epilepticus (SE) by analyzing clinical, demographic, and neuroimaging variables to identify the potential risk factors for recurrence. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 86 pediatric patients diagnosed with convulsive SE and treated between 2010 and 2015 in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, with a minimum follow-up period of one year. A total of 128 SE episodes were analyzed. Patients were classified according to the 2015 ILAE criteria, and nine patients with neonatal SE or non-epileptic seizures were excluded from the study. Clinical and demographic characteristics, antiepileptic drug use, seizure history, magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography findings were evaluated. SE was treated using a standardized stepwise protocol (midazolam, phenytoin, levetiracetam, thiopental). Results: Relapse occurred in 25.6% of the patients. Relapse was more frequent in those with a history of neonatal seizures (55.5%) and pre-existing epilepsy (40.7%). Higher relapse rates were also observed in patients with consanguinity (72.7%), abnormal MRI findings (43.9%), and EEG abnormalities, particularly focal epileptiform activity (55.6%). Patients who received multiple AEDs had the highest relapse rate (47.7%). Conclusion: A history of neonatal seizures, pre-existing epilepsy, consanguinity, MRI and EEG abnormalities and polytherapy are significant predictors of SE relapse. Identifying these risk factors is crucial for optimizing management strategies and improving the long-term outcomes in pediatric patients with SE.
Keywords : Status epileptikus, epilepsi nüksü, pediatrik nöroloji, EEG, MRG, antiepileptik ilaçlar

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