Benzoic acid exerts antiproliferative, anti-migratory, and anti-clonogenic effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells

Authors : Simge Ünay, Ferhat Şirinyıldız

Pages : 1114-1122

Doi:10.17826/cumj.1776661

View : 100 | Download : 223

Publication Date : 2025-12-22

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Purpose: This study aims to investigate and emphasize the anticancer potential of benzoic acid in breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: MCF-7 breast cancer cells were treated with benzoic acid at concentrations ranging from 0 to 1000 µM and incubated for 24 hours. Following treatment, both the effective and cytotoxic doses of benzoic acid were determined. Using these defined concentrations, comprehensive analyses were conducted to evaluate cell viability, cell migration (wound scratch assay), and clonogenic potential (colony formation assay), in order to elucidate the anticancer effects of benzoic acid. Results: Benzoic acid BA inhibited MCF-7 cell viability, migration, and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner. Cell viability was significantly reduced at concentrations ≥31.25 µM, with an IC₅₀ of ~166 µM, and dropped below 20% at 1000 µM. BA suppressed cell migration starting at 15 µM, reaching maximal inhibition at 1000 µM. Colony formation was also markedly impaired, with higher concentrations (250–1000 µM) nearly abolishing clonogenic potential. Conclusion: Benzoic acid effectively inhibits MCF-7 cell proliferation, migration, and clonogenicity, highlighting its potential as a promising therapeutic agent against breast cancer. Future studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of BA’s anticancer effects and to evaluate its efficacy in in vivo models.
Keywords : Meme kanseri, Benzoik asit, MCF-7 hücreleri, Hücre canlılığı, Koloni Oluşum Analizi

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