Assessment of biological activity in mountain chernozems and mountain-meadow chernozemic soils of natural biogeocenoses in the Central Caucasus, Russia

Authors : Fatima GEDGAFOVA, Olga GOROBTSOVA, Tatyana ULİGOVA, Nelli TSEPKOVA, Rustam TEMBOTOV, Elena KHAKUNOVA

Pages : 77-85

Doi:10.18393/ejss.996603

View : 48 | Download : 9

Publication Date : 2022-01-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Indicators reflecting various aspects of biological properties insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(genetic, microbiological, biochemical); were estimated for the upper horizons insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0-20 cm); of mountain chernozems insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Mollic Chernozems, WRB, 2015); and mountain meadow chernozemic soils insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Mollic Leptosols Eutric, WRB, 2015);, that were formed in the conditions of natural biogeocenoses of the Central Caucasus insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Elbrus variant of zonality within Kabardino-Balkaria);. A comparative assessment was performed for the biological activity parameters insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(humic content and stock, microbial biomass carbon insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Cmic); content and stock, the enzyme activity of hydrolases insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(invertase, phosphatase, urease); and oxidoreductases insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(catalase, dehydrogenase);); in combination with indicators of the soil density and acid-base properties of various subtypes of the studied soils insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(typical and leached);. The obtained results showed that the studied types of mountain soils in the upper horizons are characterized by a porous loose composition insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.75-1.07 g/cm3);, neutral insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(pHH2O = 7.0-7.4); and slightly alkaline insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(pHH2O = 7.9-8.0); by the reaction of the soil solution, high and very high content insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(9.5-19.1%); and stock of organic matter insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(173-276 t/ha);. The maximal biological activity was noted in mountain-meadow chernozemic soils, which surpass mountain chernozems in humic content insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(by 42%); and stock insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(24%);, Cmic content insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(38%); and stock insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(17%);, relative total activity of hydrolases insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(36%);, but inferior in activity of oxidoreductases insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(32%);. Based on the data obtained, the integrative index of ecological and biological condition insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IIEBC); was calculated, which reflects the general level of biological activity of the studied soils. Higher IIEBC values of mountain meadow chernozemic soils insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(80-100%); in comparison with mountain chernozems insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(70-74%); are due to the unique complex of soil-forming conditions in which these soils function. The established biological parameters of mountain soils of natural landscapes are necessary for use as reference in environmental studies of anthropogenically disturbed biogeocenoses.
Keywords : Carbon of microbial biomass, Central Caucasus, humus, soil enzymes

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