The Role of R-32 in Türkiye`s Climate Policies in Terms of Energy Efficiency and Greenhouse Gas Reduction

Authors : Sesil Çekmeceli, Abdulkadir Bektaş, Ali Yurddaş

Pages : 1567-1589

Doi:10.58559/ijes.1790454

View : 129 | Download : 253

Publication Date : 2025-12-29

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :This study presents a comparative analysis of the performance of R-410A, a widely used refrigerant in residential split-type air conditioning systems, and R-32, a low-GWP alternative. Experimental findings indicate that R-32 provides approximately 10–15% higher energy efficiency and has a global warming potential (GWP) three times lower than that of R-410A. These advantages contribute to both reducing direct emissions and mitigating indirect CO₂ emissions through lower electricity consumption. However, as R-32 is classified as an A2L refrigerant (mildly flammable), compliance with international safety standards such as EN 378 and ISO 5149 is required. From a policy perspective, the findings align with Türkiye\\\'s climate commitments, including the Paris Agreement, the Kigali Amendment, and the Climate Law enacted in 2025, which formalised the national target of net-zero emissions by 2053. The adoption of R-32 is therefore a strategic measure for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in line with the country\\\'s Emissions Trading System (ETS) and compliance with the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). Overall, the results demonstrate that R-32 can serve as a transitional refrigerant in Türkiye\\\'s air-conditioning sector, providing technical, environmental, and economic benefits. Additionally, its adoption can enhance energy security, strengthen industrial competitiveness, and support national climate change goals. Further research should focus on long-term performance under various climatic conditions, life cycle climate performance (LCCP), and pathways toward natural refrigerants, such as R-290 and CO₂.
Keywords : R-32, GWP, İklim Kanunu, Kiagali Değişikliği, ETS

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