POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF SHAH REZA PAHLAVI`S RAPPROCHEMENT WITH GERMANY? THE PARADIGM RESULTING FROM THE REACTION OF GREAT BRITAIN AND RUSSIA

Authors : Mehmet Ali Polat, Serdar Çukur

Pages : 112-134

Doi:10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1635605

View : 82 | Download : 299

Publication Date : 2025-12-31

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Iran\\\'s strategic location and its rich underground resources have historically made the country vulnerable to external pressures and internal conflicts. These factors have continuously influenced its religious, cultural, political and economic development. In the 20th century, the geopolitical importance of the region increased significantly due to the discovery of large oil reserves. These deposits altered the colonial states\\\' perception of Iran, paving the way for significant political developments. Throughout history, Iran has been the focal point of economic conflicts. The collapse of the Qajar dynasty after the First World War led to the establishment of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1925. Under Reza Khan\\\'s leadership, a new state structure based on Persian nationalism was established, and the principle of neutrality was adopted in Iranian foreign policy. Reza Pahlavi exploited his relations with Germany to counterbalance Britain and Russia. This method therefore contributed to the development of Iran. He remained in power until 1941, during which time he established military and economic relations with Germany. During the Second World War, he maintained a neutral stance. However, he aligned Iranian policies with Germany\\\'s potential victory, resulting in the subsequent occupation of Iran by the Russians and the British. This risky policy ultimately led to Reza Pahlavi being deposed and exiled. After the war, his son, Mohammad Reza, ascended the Iranian throne and was forced to adopt a pro-Western foreign policy.
Keywords : Şah Rıza Pehlevi, Almanya, Rusya, İngiltere, II. Dünya Savaşı.

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