SOURCES FORMING THE BASIS OF L.Z. BUDAGOV’S “COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY OF TURKIC-TATAR DIALECTS”

Authors : Mahliyo Tuxtasinova

Pages : 53-84

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Publication Date : 2025-09-27

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :This article is devoted to the scholarly analysis of the source of one of the most significant achievements in 19th-century Turkology – the two-volume Comparative Dictionary of Turkic-Tatar Dialects compiled by L.Z. Budagov. The main objective of the study is to identify the written and oral sources used in the creation of this comparative dictionary and to elucidate their role in the interpretation of linguistic units within the dictionary entries. The article thoroughly examines 18 major sources utilized by Budagov, analyzing how each influenced the explanation of specific lexemes. In particular, works such as the Baburnama, Qissasi Rabghuzi, Muhokamat al-Lughatayn, Siraj al-Qulub, Tarikh-i Muluk-i Ajam, as well as the writings of scholars like V.V. Radlov, H. Vambéry, N. Ilminsky, A. Troyansky, and I. Giganov, along with important dictionaries in Arabic, Persian, and Turkic languages (e.g., Burhan-e Qati‘, Farhang-e Shu‘uri, Qāmūs al-Muḥīṭ, Lughat-i Turki) are examined in detail. The article highlights the role of actual textual examples derived from each source in explaining specific lexemes. Budagov’s methodology based on contextual analysis, his attention to semantic distinctions, and his systematic presentation of morphological forms – all of which constitute the innovative aspects of the study. Special attention is given to the comparative analysis of phonetic, semantic, and graphemic variants of words belonging to Chagatai, Kyrgyz, Kazan, Tobol, Altai, and Ottoman Turkish dialects. The findings demonstrate that Budagov not only compiled a dictionary using a methodologically advanced approach for his time but also exhibited a perspective aligned with modern lexicographical principles by striving to contextualize each linguistic layer within its historical and literary background. Moreover, the study reaffirms that Budagov’s dictionary continues to serve as a solid foundation for the historical semantics and lexicography of the Turkic languages.
Keywords : L.Z. Budagov, karşılaştırmalı sözlük, Çağatay dili, kaynakbilim, Eski Türk dilleri

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