NEUROLOGICAL EXAMINATION METHODS IN SMALL ANIMALS IN VETERINARY MEDICINE

Authors : Taner Arslan

Pages : 103-107

Doi:10.58833/bozokvetsci.1719671

View : 91 | Download : 200

Publication Date : 2025-12-31

Article Type : Review Paper

Abstract :Neurological diseases in small animals can lead to serious outcomes such as alterations in consciousness, loss of motor function, and sensory deficits. Neurological examination is critically important for determining the cause of these disorders and distinguishing whether they originate from the central or peripheral nervous system. Prior to the examination, a detailed history should be obtained from the animal’s owner, including information on age, breed, sex, duration of symptoms, trauma, toxin exposure, and infection history. This is followed by a general clinical examination, during which motor disorders such as ataxia, paresis, and paralysis are observed. Considering that nervous system diseases may be associated with other systems, the cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems should also be evaluated. In neurological examination, evaluation of the twelve cranial nerves aids in localizing the lesion. Postural reactions assess the animal’s ability to use its limbs and perceive their position, while spinal reflexes such as the patellar, perineal, and withdrawal reflexes are examined. Superficial and deep pain tests are applied to assess the integrity of nerve pathways. Diagnostic support is further provided by imaging techniques, electrodiagnostic tests, and laboratory analyses. This review comprehensively discusses the methods used in neurological examination and their clinical significance.
Keywords : Kedi, Köpek, Nörolojik Muayene, Veteriner Nörolojisi

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