COMPARISON OF RESPIRATORY MUSCLE ENDURANCE, ANAEROBIC POWER, AND FATIGUE INDEX BETWEEN SMOKING AND NON-SMOKING UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Authors : Esin Yağmur Kart, Zeliha Çelik

Pages : 170-175

Doi:10.55895/sshs.1805389

View : 47 | Download : 144

Publication Date : 2025-12-26

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Cigarette smoking negatively affects the structure and function of the diaphragm muscle, as well as aerobic and anaerobic performance. However, the early functional effects of smoking in young adults with relatively short-term smoking exposure remain unclear. This study aims to compare respiratory muscle strength and endurance, pulmonary function, anaerobic power, and fatigue index between smoking and non-smoking university students. Thirty-three university students (15 smokers, 18 non-smokers) aged 18–30 years were included in the study. Pulmonary functions and maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP, MEP) were measured using a spirometer. Inspiratory muscle endurance was assessed using an incremental threshold loading test with an inspiratory muscle training device. Anaerobic performance and fatigue index were assessed using the Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST). The demographic characteristics were similar between groups (p>0.05). Although no statistically significant differences were observed in pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, or RAST parameters (p>0.05), smokers demonstrated lower mean MIP values, approaching clinical significance, and a tendency toward higher fatigue index compared with non-smokers. The observed tendency for lower MIP values and higher fatigue index results among young university students with low smoking exposure indicates that early functional impairments may develop before measurable clinical deficits become evident. There is a need for longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes to more clearly demonstrate the chronic effects of cigarette smoking on respiratory muscle function and anaerobic capacity.
Keywords : Atletik performans, Kuvvet, Maksimal respiratuar basınçlar, Pulmoner fonksiyon testleri, Sigara içimi

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