Antibiofilm Potential of Ceragenins Against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus spp.

Authors : Müzeyyen Aydın, Fatıma Nur Yılmaz, Mayram Hacıoglu, Gozde Hasbal Çelikok, Nese Inan, Savage Paul B.

Pages : 733-744

Doi:10.55262/fabadeczacilik.1773101

View : 65 | Download : 107

Publication Date : 2025-10-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Enterococcus spp., especially vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), are listed by the World Health Organization as priority pathogens requiring new antimicrobial treatments.Ceragenins (CSAs) are a novel class of broad-spectrum antimicrobials that are relatively easy and cost-effective to produce. This study evaluated the antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of ceragenins (CSA-44, CSA-90, CSA-192) and linezolid against VRE isolates from various clinical samples. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the broth microdilution method, and biofilm formation was assessed with microtiter plate assays. Additionally, the anti-quorum sensing (QS) and antioxidant capacities of ceragenins were evaluated. The MIC50 and MIC90 values for CSA-44 and CSA-90 were found to be 2 and 4 µg/mL, for CSA-192, 1 and 2 µg/mL, and for linezolid 0.5 and 1 µg/mL, respectively. CSA-44 and CSA-192 most effectively inhibited initial adhesion and biofilm formation. For mature biofilms, CSA-90 showed the greatest inhibition (~66%) while CSA-44 and CSA-192 reached ~50%. Linezolid inhibited biofilms by 39–60%, depending on concentration. No anti-quorum sensing or antioxidant activity was observed for ceragenins at tested levels. These findings suggest ceragenins have strong potential as therapeutic agents against VRE, particularly in biofilm-related infections. Further in vivo research is needed to confirm their efficacy and safety for clinical use.
Keywords : Biyofilm, katyonik antimikrobiyal peptitler, Enterococcus, linezolid, vankomisin direnci

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