Treatment Methods in Cancer

Authors : Melisa Beyhan Yılmaz, Turgut Anuk

Pages : 635-651

View : 87 | Download : 179

Publication Date : 2025-12-26

Article Type : Review Paper

Abstract :The biggest challenges in cancer include mutations in hundreds of different genes that contribute to tumor development and metastasis, as well as effects on epithelial cells, stromal cells, and blood cells. Additionally, cancer continuously accumulates new mutations, enabling it to evolve without remaining stable. Cancer treatment is selected based on the origin, localized area, and progression of the cancer, and varies accordingly. There are many treatment methods for cancer, including traditional approaches such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. These methods involve removing the cancerous region from the body or causing cancer cells to undergo cell death using various agents. However, these approaches can lead to cancer recurrence and damage both cancerous and healthy cells. Therefore, a wide variety of new treatment methods are being explored today. These therapies go beyond traditional approaches, offering more targeted and personalized options that increase the effectiveness of cancer treatment. Current treatment approaches include gene therapy, CAR T-cell therapy, cancer vaccines, and antibody therapies. The aim of this review is to examine cancer treatment methods and provide a scientific evaluation of current treatments, their progress, and limitations. It discusses different treatment methods—such as surgery, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapies, and gene therapy—based on the biological activities of cancerous cells. It also evaluates their effectiveness in disease control and impact on survival, and emphasizes the importance of personalized medicine and the treatment methods developed within this context. This review aims to contribute to advances in cancer treatment both clinically and in research.
Keywords : Kemoterapi, Radyoterapi, Gen terapisi, Kanser aşıları, İmmünoterapi

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