Temporal Dynamics of Serum Interleukin-1 Beta Following Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

Authors : Ozan Başkurt, Ece Uysal, İdris Avcı, Selim Seker, Hidayet Safak Cine, Salih Batuhan Kartal, Ege Coşkun
Pages : 66-71
Doi:10.35514/mtd.2025.131
View : 53 | Download : 109
Publication Date : 2025-12-31
Article Type : Research Paper
Abstract :Aim: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) triggers complex inflammatory cascades, with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) identified as a key mediator of secondary neuronal damage. Although the role of IL-1β in neuroinflammation is well recognized, its dynamic profile in the peripheral circulation remains insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to assess serum IL-1β levels at defined intervals following experimental TBI in rats to elucidate its biomarker potential and therapeutic relevance. Material and Methods: A total of 40 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into five groups (n=8/group): one sham group and four trauma groups corresponding to 1, 6, 24, and 72 hours post-injury. TBI was induced using the Marmarou weight-drop model. Serum IL-1β concentrations were measured by ELISA, and statistical comparisons were made using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: In the sham group, serum IL-1β showed a biphasic trend: an initial decrease at 6 hours, followed by partial recovery by 72 hours. In contrast, the trauma group exhibited a dynamic pattern: IL-1β decreased at 6 hours (p=0.0356), peaked significantly at 24 hours (p=0.0004 vs. 6h), and declined again by 72 hours. Between-group comparisons revealed significantly elevated IL-1β levels in the trauma group at 24 hours (p=0.0157) compared to sham. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that serum IL-1β exhibits a temporally regulated expression pattern after TBI, with a peak at 24 hours representing a potential window for therapeutic targeting. IL-1β may serve as a minimally invasive biomarker to monitor post-traumatic inflammation, although correlation with functional outcomes and central tissue levels warrants further investigation.
Keywords : Biyomarker, IL-1β, Nöroenflamasyon, Serum sitokin, Travmatik Beyin Hasarı

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