Investigation of heavy metal concentrations and determination of estimated daily intake and health risk index infant formula and baby foods in Zahedan in 2020

Authors : Aram Dokht Khatibi, Maryam Bazzi, Davoud Balarak

Pages : 614-620

View : 37 | Download : 56

Publication Date : 2024-04-30

Article Type : Other Papers

Abstract :Despite the importance of breastfeeding, complementary or complete feeding with infant for-mula is performed worldwide. Metal contaminants, especially lead and cadmium, have many toxic and adverse effects, especially in children. Therefore, this work was conducted to in-vestigate the levels of lead and cadmium in infant formula and baby foods. This study was performed on 18 samples of infant formula and 7 samples of baby food. Random sampling was performed among the best-selling and most consumed brands available in the Zahedan market, and elements were measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy using a graphite fur-nace. Moreover, Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and health risk index (HRI) were calculated for the average of the total data. The mean concentrations of lead in infant formula and baby food samples were 14.7±0.98 and 13.77±1.51 µg/kg, respectively; lead was observed in all samples, although the difference between the amount of lead in samples no. 2 and no. 9 and its standard amount was significant (p 0.05). The highest EDI for lead in infant formula for ages of 0 to six months was 0.22 µg/kg.day.bw. Also, the HRI for all samples was much less than one, which indicates that the ba-by’s food and infant formula are healthy in terms of daily intake of cadmium and lead. Finally, it can be concluded that the amount of cadmium and lead in the infant formula and baby food samples, according to some indicators, is less than the standard level.
Keywords : Baby Food, Cadmium, Infant Formula, Tolerable Daily Intake, Lead

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