Child Soldier Recruitment in Sub-Saharan Africa: Jurisprudential Advances, Causal Factors, And Persistent Challenges

Authors : Uche Nnawulezi, Jacques Kabano, Obinna Okereke

Pages : 1723-1770

Doi:10.52273/sduhfd..1756928

View : 52 | Download : 444

Publication Date : 2025-12-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :This study examines child soldier recruitment jurisprudence in sub-Saharan Africa, where state collapse and unrest enable minors\\\' conscription. Using doctrinal methodology, it assesses causal factors and regional legal frameworks shaped by the International Criminal Court (ICC) and hybrid tribunal prosecutions. Key drivers include political instability, non-state armed groups, indoctrination, economic desperation, and societal collapse. Jurisprudential advances feature rulings by ICC, such as Lubanga and Ongwen and instruments (African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC), Malabo Protocol). Persistent challenges impede eradication: ambiguous \\\"child\\\"/\\\"child soldier\\\" definitions; debates on minors\\\' accountability; male-centric approaches; Malabo Protocol non-ratification; lack of statutory reparations; and insufficient Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR) programs. Harmonised legal reforms, gender-sensitive frameworks, ratifying pending instruments (e.g., Malabo Protocol), and strengthened institutions are essential. Recommendations include an Africa-specific minor definition (under 18), criminalising all recruitment, and prioritising reparative justice.
Keywords : Sahra Altı Afrika, Malabo Protokolü, Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi, Çocuk Askerler, Silahlı Çatışmalar

ORIGINAL ARTICLE URL