Wheat Responses to Abiotic Stresses and Microbiome Dynamics: A Review

Authors : Çağdaş Can Toprak, Zeki Erden

Pages : 81-97

View : 33 | Download : 105

Publication Date : 2025-12-23

Article Type : Review Paper

Abstract :Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is renowned as one of the world\\\'s most crucial cereal crops. Throughout agricultural production, wheat faces multiple stressors, with numerous researchers investigating both these stress factors and the resultant response mechanisms. The main abiotic stress factors that wheat is exposed to include drought, salinity, and temperature. Drought stress negatively affects plant productivity by reducing photosynthetic capacity and increasing water loss. Salinity stress disrupts ion balance, limiting plant growth and nutrient uptake. Heat stress leads to yield loss through protein denaturation and a decline in photosynthetic activity. The responses of wheat to stress conditions are supported by various physiological and biochemical mechanisms. These include an increase in hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), stomatal closure, and osmotic adjustment mechanisms. Additionally, microbiome dynamics are among the important factors supporting wheat against these stresses. Researchers have reported that rhizobacteria (PGPR) and mycorrhizal fungi enhance nutrient uptake, thereby improving stress tolerance. In this context, the response mechanisms of wheat to stress conditions and microbiome interactions have played a critical role in agricultural productivity. The use of microbial supplements in agricultural production is believed to have the potential to increase wheat productivity. In our study, the detailed mechanisms of these interactions have been presented and examined from a sustainable perspective.
Keywords : Buğday, Mikrobiyom, Stres

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