Spectroscopic Characterisation and Elemental Composition of Biochars Obtained from Different Agricultural Wastes

Authors : Muhittin Onur AKÇA, Sonay SOZUDOGRU OK, Kıymet DENİZ, Abdoelbage MOHAMMEDELNOUR, Mümtaz KİBAR

Pages : 426-435

Doi:10.15832/ankutbd.623876

View : 125 | Download : 12

Publication Date : 2021-12-04

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :The use of biochar insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(BC); has an environmental importance in terms of climate change, soil fertility, waste management and energy generation. The purpose of this study was to reveal some of the structural characteristics of BC produced from agricultural wastes by employing spectroscopic techniques within a short time frame. The BCs were produced via slow pyrolysis at 300 °C from four feedstocks: tea waste insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(TW);, hazelnut husk insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(HH);, rice husk insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(RH); and poultry litter insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(PL);. The pH of plant-derived BC was alkaline insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(pH: 7-9);, and the pH of manure-derived BC was strongly alkaline insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(pH: 10.1);. PLBC has the highest insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(4.67 dS m-1); electrical conductivity insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(EC); when compared to other BC materials. According to the X-ray fluorescence insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(XRF); analysis method, organic compound contents of TWBC and HSBC were found to be higher than the other two BCs, while the other two BCs insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(RHBC and PLBC); were richer in mineral content. TWBC and HHBC were composed of more mineral elements when compared to RHBC and PLBC, but the latter two were still rich in minerals. The surface area of RHBC was found higher insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(12.9 m2 g-1); than other BC materials. According to the X-ray fluorescence insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(XRF); analysis method, the total element content of PLBC was found higher than the other BCs. In addition, the silicon insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Si); content of RHBC was considerably higher insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(16.4%);. In PLBC’s XRD diagram: quartz insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(SiO2); at 3.41 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Å);; calcite insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(CaCO3); at 3.96, 2.94 and 1.91 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Å);; sylvine insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(KCl); at 3.06 and 1.85 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Å);; and whitlockite insert ignore into journalissuearticles values([Ca, Mg]3 [PO4]2); at 2.78 and 2.17 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Å); were found. In HHBC and RHBC diagrams, partially crystallized carbon insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(CryC); peaks were mainly observed between 1.20 and 2.34 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Å);, and cristobalite peaks insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(i.e., amorphous SiO2); were observed at 3.91 and 3.40 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Å);.
Keywords : Biochar, Plant nutrients, XRD and XRF Spectroscopy, Spectroscopic characterisation

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