Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Children with Vitiligo: Retrospective Analysis of 105 Cases

Authors : Ayse AKBAS, Fadime KILINÇ, Akın AKTAŞ

Pages : 325-332

Doi:10.12956/tchd.538826

View : 67 | Download : 9

Publication Date : 2020-06-26

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Objectives: Vitiligo is a disease for which the cause is not clearly known public but is common and is characterised by depigmented macules . It’s incidence rate ranges between 0.1- 11%. Incidence among children is not known clearly but it has been reported that in half of the cases lesions start before the age of, and in 25% they start before 10-14 years and  it has different characteristics than that in adults. The aim of this study is to define the clinical and demographic characteristics of childhood vitiligo, identify the accompanying diseases and the treatment options that are provided .   Material and Methods: The files of 105 paediatric patients diagnosed with vitiligo in our hospital’s dermatology department during the 2011-2018 period have been retrospectively examined. Age, gender, starting age, disease duration, lesion area, vitiligo type, family vitiligo history, blood tests and accompanying diseases have been recorded. Vitiligo types have been divided into 2 main groups, namely segmental and no segmental. Cases with generalized insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(vulgar);, focal, acral, acrofacial vitiligo have been included in non-segmental vitiligo cases.   Results:   44.76% of the patients are female. The average age was 10.98±4.77 years, the average age when the condition started was 9.63±4.53 years and average duration of the disease was 19.19±19,60 months insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1.59 years);. Number of cases in 0-2 age group was 7 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(6.66%);, 3-5 age group was 10 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(9.52%);, 6-11 age group was 32 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(30.47%);, 12-18 age group was 56 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(53.33%); . In terms of duration of the disease, 0-2 months included 12 patients insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(11.42%);, 3-6 months included 11 patients insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(10.47%);, 7 months to 1 year included 9 patients insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(8.57%);, and over a year included 73 patients insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(6.52%);. With regards to the types of vitiligo, 6.66% insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=7); had segmental vitiligo, 92.38% insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=97); had non-segmental vitiligo, 0.95%  insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=1); had mixed type vitiligo. 53.60% insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=52); of non-segmental vitiligo was focal vitiligo, 31.95% insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=31); was vitiligo vulgaris 7.21% insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=7); was acrofacial and 7.21% insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=7); was acral type. In terms of focal vitiligo 40.38% insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=21); had cheek involvement, 23.07% insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=12); periorbital involvement, 11.53% insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=6); perioral involvement, 7.69% insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=4); genital involvement and five cases insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(9.61%); had multiple involvements.     In  30.4% of the cases insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(n=32);, one or more coexisting disease has been observed to exist. Treatment options differed by age. While topical steroids and calcineurin inhibitors have been preferred in younger ages and in limited lesions, while in older ages and in more spread lesions phototherapy and systemic treatment methods have been practised.   Conclusion: This study is addressing the clinical and demographic characteristics of children with vitiligo as well as the practised treatment options. In contrast to other studies, this study has concluded more incidences among males. Regarding people in the early stages of vitiligo and in lesions localised in head-neck area, micro-therapy has been observed to be effective and calcineurin inhibitors have hastened re-pigmentation.
Keywords : children, epidemiology, vitiligo

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