Self-reported anxiety and depression among COVID-19 patients within six months of follow-up: A prospective cohort study

Authors : Neslişah ŞİYVE, Ahmet Naci EMECEN, Salih KESKİN, Ecem BAŞOĞLU ŞENSOY, Öykü TURUNÇ, Ahmet Furkan SÜNER, Can CİMİLLİ, Belgin ÜNAL

Pages : 152-164

Doi:10.20518/tjph.1166269

View : 146 | Download : 109

Publication Date : 2023-08-23

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Objective: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the prevalence of self-reported moderate or severe anxiety and depression among COVID-19 patients during a six-month follow-up and to identify associated baseline factors. Methods: The study included patients aged ≥18 years who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Turkey, between November 2020 and May 2021. Telephone interviews were conducted at 1st, 3rd, and 6th months post-diagnosis to assess feelings of anxiety and depression using the EQ-5D-3L scale. Generalized estimating equations were employed to identify factors associated with anxiety and depression after infection. Results: A total of 5446 patients participated in the study. The prevalence of feeling anxious or depressive at 1st, 3rd, and 6th months post-diagnosis was 18.5%, 17.9%, and 15.4%, respectively. Several factors were associated with self-reported anxiety or depression: Older age insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(≥65 years; OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.95-1.44);, female gender insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.58-1.96);, unfavourable economic status insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.34-1.97);, more symptoms insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(4-5, OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.21-1.81; ≥5, OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.35-2.01);, having multiple underlying health conditions insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1-2, OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.19-1.54; ≥3: OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.13-1.99);, and intensive care unit admission insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(OR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.70-3.90);. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients commonly experience anxiety or depression, which may persist long-term. Gender, economic status, and disease severity play significant roles in their psychological well-being. Identifying vulnerable groups can be instrumental in early diagnosis and provision of targeted mental care services.
Keywords : post COVID, anksiyete, depresyon, kohort