Retrospective Evaluation of Implant Complications Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography

Authors : Emre Haylaz, Şeyda Say
Pages : 165-171
Doi:10.21306/dishekimligi.1817433
View : 103 | Download : 166
Publication Date : 2025-12-30
Article Type : Research Paper
Abstract :Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate complications observed in dental implants using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to determine the distribution of these complications based on jaw and region. In addition, the study aimed to reveal the differences in complication frequency according to implant placement sites. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included a total of 83 patients (44 females and 39 males), comprising 385 dental implants analyzed using CBCT images. Implant-related complications were categorized into eight groups: bone perforation, vertical bone resorption, mandibular canal perforation, palatal/lingual bone perforation, mental foramen perforation, insufficient implant-teet distance, nasal perforation, and sinus perforation. The implants with complications were recorded according to their localization as maxilla anterior, maxilla posterior, mandible anterior, and mandible posterior. Results: Complications were detected in 162 (42.1%) of the 385 evaluated implants. The most frequently observed complication in both jaws was vertical bone resorption around the implant (37.7%), followed by buccal bone perforation (27.2%). The incidence of complications was significantly higher in the maxilla (58.6%) compared to the mandible (p < 0.05). In terms of localization, complications were most commonly observed in the maxillary posterior region (41.4%), followed by the mandibular posterior (29.1%), maxillary anterior (16.6%), and mandibular anterior (12.3%) regions, respectively. Conclusions: Vertical bone resorption was found to be the most common complication associated with dental implants, and complications were observed more frequently in the maxillary posterior region. These findings indicate that considering region-specific anatomical risks during implant planning plays a crucial role in preventing complications.
Keywords : İmplant, komplikasyon, maksilla, mandibula, rezorpsiyon

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