JÜRGEN HABERMAS and the THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK of HIS IDEAS

Authors : Emine Akçelik, Alkan Üstün

Pages : 337-352

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Publication Date : 2025-03-28

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :This study analyzes Jürgen Habermas’s key theories and concepts, exploring his contributions to sociology, philosophy, and critical theory. Central to Habermas’s work is the theory of communicative action, which posits that communication, rather than instrumental action, forms the foundation of human sciences and socio-cultural life. Habermas critiques instrumental action as being driven solely by rational calculations, unlike communicative action, which fosters mutual understanding, solidarity, and consensus without coercion. He conceptualizes the lifeworld as the context and source of communication, emphasizing its role in reproducing societal norms and values. The study delves into Habermas’s perspectives on legitimacy crises, modernity, and postmodernity. It highlights his critique of postmodernity, arguing that modernity remains an unfinished project and that postmodernist theories often present ideological attacks on modernity. Additionally, the paper examines Habermas’s approach to public sphere theory, where he traces its transformation from its early emergence to its decline in modern times. Through his engagement with critical theory, Habermas revises and updates the tradition, advocating for a scientific approach that serves the goal of a better society. His work integrates historical context and ethical considerations in science and focuses on the communicative processes that sustain democratic and social life.
Keywords : Habermas, Teori, İletişimsel Eylem, Modernlik