Clinical use of botulinum toxins in oral and maxillofacial surgery

Authors : Buse Erdil Atabey, Yeliz Kılınç

Pages : 153-166

View : 19 | Download : 34

Publication Date : 2024-10-31

Article Type : Review Paper

Abstract :Botulinum toxin (BTX), widely recognized as Botox, is generated by the gram-positive anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum. The administration of BTX toxin has become one of the most prevalent cosmetic procedures worldwide. Over the past three decades, the clinical applications of BTX have expanded markedly, with numerous novel indications emerging. Primarily, botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) has been employed in the management of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and in addressing the hypertrophy and hyperactivity of masticatory muscles, thereby facilitating pain relief and functional recovery following dental and oral-maxillofacial surgical interventions. Moreover, BTA is extensively utilized for cosmetic purposes, including the reduction of facial wrinkles and asymmetries. Although the therapeutic effects of BTA are temporary and generally considered safe, a comprehensive understanding of the relevant anatomical structures, as well as the potential systemic and local adverse effects associated with its facial applications, is essential. This article presents a thorough literature review detailing the historical development of BTX, its structural characteristics and mechanisms of action, available market formulations, guidelines for dilution and storage, toxicity considerations, indications and contraindications, the potential for resistance development, and its applications in dentistry and oral-maxillofacial surgery, accompanied by a discussion of associated side effects.
Keywords : botulinum toksini, diş hekimliği, ağız diş ve çene cerrahisi