A Glimpse on the Local Reserves and Production in Turkey Ecological Carbon Cycle, and Some New Era Methods of Lowering Carbon Dioxide Levels

Authors : Fatih Temiz

Pages : 88-100

View : 20 | Download : 76

Publication Date : 2017-05-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :It is estimated that the oil will be sufficient for us for a couple of generations of humanity.  Forbes Magazine estimates we will run out of it between 2055 and 2070 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(How  Much Oil Does the World Have Left, 2015);. Also, in an International Business Times a  more specific date is given i.e. 2067 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(World Energy Day 2014: How Much Oil is Left and  How Long Will It Last, 2014);. The numbers stand for proved reserves, of course, as new  discoveries arise and technological recoverability upsurges, we may see a modification in  these estimations. And for coal, the most copious among fellow fossil fuels with proved reserves of  exceeding 841 billion tons, and almost 8 billion tons of it is used in the world each year  insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(World Energy Council, 2016);. World Coal Association gives a more optimistic datum  on this issue stating the proven coal reserves worldwide is 892 billion tons that would  last for another 110 years whereas oil and natural gas would deplete by half this time  insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Where is coal found, no date);. In summary, it is easy to say that coal will be above and  underground for many more decades to come. According to 2006 figures, Turkey’s coal reserves are 4.2 billion tons in total and 3.9  billion tons of it are subbituminous and lignite; and, 0.3 billion tons of the reserves  is anthracite and bituminous insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(BP Statistical review of world energy June 2007, 2007);.  Turkey extracts 77 million tons of coal annually insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Statistical Review of World Energy  2008, 2008);. A more up to date shares that Turkey’s coal reserves are about 8.7 billion  tons and the yearly coal production is the same as in the older report insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(World Energy  Resources: 2013 Survey, 2013);. In addition, The Ministry for Energy and Natural Resources  insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(MENR); of Turkey states that there has a giant leap in proven lignite reserves  of the country during the decade between 2005 and 2015, bringing lignite reserves from  8.3 billion tons to above 15 billion tons insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(MENR, 2015);.
Keywords : Ecological carbon cycle, coal reserves turkey, coal production turkey, carbondioxide levels