SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE APPLICATIONS BASED ON CULTURE AND RELIGION IN BALI TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE

Authors : Emre Taş, Uğur Özcan

Pages : 11-36

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Publication Date : 2023-12-31

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Sustainable architecture embraces an energy-saving and ecological approach in the design of the built environment in accordance with environmentally responsible principles Indonesian and especially Balinese traditional architecture embodies sustainable architectural practices that are rooted in the traditions and culture of the community. Balinese architecture generally takes into account climate and natural environment as well as environmental social life. In this understanding, achieving a balance between human life (Bhuana Agung/Microcosmos) and the natural environment (Bhuana Agung/Macrocosmos) has been the main goal. This study aims to define and explain the application of sustainable architecture in traditional Balinese architecture. Traditional Balinese architecture is based on keeping the natural environment and the social environment where daily life takes place (natural space and social space) together in harmony. Balinese architecture is influenced by the spiritual values of Hinduism, sociocultural factors and other religious beliefs. The natural conditions brought about by geographical location and climate have created an agricultural society, and the effects of this life have spread to the architecture. Traditional Balinese architecture is shaped around three main concepts: Tri Angga (Three Steps), Tri Mandala (Three Mandala), and Sanga Mandala (Nine Mandala). The concept of Three Steps, Three Mandala, and Nine Mandala emphasises the harmony of nature and people. Traditional Balinese architecture is an example of the correct examples of sustainable architecture. Traditional Balinese architecture contributes to environmental sustainability. These can be listed as; supporting the landscape areas around the building, natural ventilation systems, natural and sustainable building materials, harmony between human and nature, efficient utilisation of natural lighting. Balinese traditional architecture is based on the selection of economical, sustainable and easy-to-apply materials from the foundation to the roof of the building. The focal point of this study is the traditional architecture of Bali, the effect of the spiritual values of the Balinese people on the architecture and the Gotong Royong system, which is the Balinese equivalent of \"imece\", a form of social sustainable architecture.
Keywords : Geleneksel Bali Mimarisi, Sürdürülebilirlik, İnanç ve Mimari İlişkisi