ORGANIC AND ECOLOGICAL: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF ‘ORGANIC’ ARCHITECTURE INTO MECHANICALLY CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT

Authors : Yusuf Civelek

Pages : 157-182

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Publication Date : 2024-06-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Towards the end of the Nineteenth Century, the discourse about the relationship between architecture and nature was dominated by the influence of functionalism derived from natural sciences. Despite functionalism, the romantic idealism embedded in the organicist theory called for the poetic construction of the builtenvironment, which remained a strong impulse for the architectural avantgarde during the first half of the Twentieth Century. Architects like Frank Lloyd Wright and Richard Neutra shifted the focus of organic architecture from functionality to architectural site, whereby it became and \'environmental\' issue. However, the more the artistically motivated organicism was replaced by the scientifically motivated environmentalism, the more modern architecture lost its romantic impulse. Reyner Banham was one of the main advocates for the concept of organic architecture to transform into mechanically controlled environment, but his mission found the real justification in contemporary ecological discourse that imposes on buildings ethical techniques for controlling architecture\'s effect on the environment.
Keywords : Organik Mimari, Ekolojik Mimari, Yapısal Çevre, F L Wright, R Neutra, R Banham