Development, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potential of a New Natural Based Sunscreen Formulation

Authors : Şaban Kalay, Gözde Güler, Emirhan Şallı, Mustafa Eray Bozyel

Pages : 108-120

Doi:10.58854/jicm.1833905

View : 85 | Download : 281

Publication Date : 2025-12-31

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Backround This study aimed to formulate a natural sunscreen containing botanical extracts and to evaluate its physicochemical stability, spectroscopic characteristics, particle size distribution and antimicrobial performance. The assessment focused on the clinical relevance of pH, viscosity, UV absorption capacity and microbial safety parameters. Materials and Methods The sunscreen formulation was prepared as a 100 g batch by separately heating the oil and aqueous phases containing emulsifiers, emollients, stabilizers and chelating agents to 60 °C. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using a disk diffusion method against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. hirae, and C. albicans, employing standardized inocula, appropriate controls, and measurement of inhibition zones. Results The formulation demonstrated a skin-compatible pH of 7.15 and a viscosity of 16,900 cP under controlled conditions. FT-IR analysis identified characteristic peaks at 2917 cm-1 and 2853 cm⁻¹ (Shea Butter), 3358 cm⁻¹ (green tea polyphenols) and 1635 cm⁻¹ (Aloe vera), confirming the integrity of natural actives. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed strong absorption around 220 nm, with significant activity across 230–300 nm, indicating effective UVC–UVB protection. Antimicrobial testing showed minimal diffusion based activity: inhibition zones ranged from 6.00 ± 0.33 mm for E. coli to 8.00 ± 0.67 mm for E. hirae and C. albicans. Compared to ofloxacin (17–33 mm) and nystatin (25 mm). Conclusion The natural nanosized sunscreen exhibited favorable physicochemical stability, effective UV absorption properties and structurally validated biological components. The antimicrobial formulation has demonstrated protective efficacy suitable for cosmetic use. Overall, the results support the sunscreen’s potential as a safe, stable and biocompatible topical product for routine skin protection.
Keywords : Güneş kremi, doğal kaynaklar, antimikrobiyal aktivite.

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