Assessment of Total Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Capacity, β-Carotene Bioaccessibility, HMF Formation, and Color Degradation Kinetics in Pumpkin Pestils

Authors : Azime ÖZKAN KARABACAK

Pages : 729-744

Doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1302567

View : 74 | Download : 75

Publication Date : 2023-08-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Pestil, often known as fruit leather, is one of the most significant traditional foods manufactured and consumed throughout Türkiye. Due to its practical consumption, the availability of numerous nutrients, and the ability to meet energy requirements, pestil is recognized as a snack food. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioaccessibility of total phenolic compounds insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(TPC);, antioxidant capacity insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(AOC);, and β-carotene in pumpkin pestils dried by hot air drying insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(HAD);, vacuum drying insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(VCD);, and microwave drying insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(MD); methods using an in vitro digestion model. Additionally, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(HMF); formation and color degradation of pestils were evaluated. Changes in TPC and AOC were determined using spectrophotometric methods, whereas the detections of β-carotene and HMF were carried out with high performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detector insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(HPLC–PDA);. Significantly higher TPC insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(10.99–105.70%); and AOC insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(15.30–118.58%, 21.88–401.04% and 89.28–482.14%, in CUPRAC, FRAP, and DPPH assays, respectively); values were observed after drying insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(p<0.05);. Moreover, it was observed that there were statistically significant increases in TPC and AOC values after digestion for all pumpkin pestils compared to undigested samples insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(p<0.05);. Drying process resulted in lower β-carotene content insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(between 32.15–61.11%); in pumpkin pestils; however, it increased the percentage of bioaccessible β-carotene insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(max 62.16%); in the pestil samples. Compared to HD and VCD techniques, pumpkin pestils dried with MD exhibited significantly higher TPC, AOC and β-carotene content insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(p<0.05);. All of the pumpkin pestils except those dried by MD at 180 W contain HMF below the Turkish Standards Institute legal limit of 50 mg/kg. L* value of pestils were described adequately to the zero- and first-order kinetic models while a* and b* values were only fitted to zero-order model. In conclusion, the findings obtained in this study pointed out that drying processes insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(especially by MD method); increased the bioaccessibility of TPC, AOC, and β-carotene.
Keywords : Pumpkin pestil, total phenolic compound, antioxidant capacity, β carotene, 5 Hydroxymethylfurfural, HPLC PDA