Use of diploid and tetraploid hulled wheat genotypes for animal feeding

Authors : Mahmut KAPLAN, Taner AKAR, Adem KAMALAK, Sancar BULUT

Pages : 838-846

Doi:10.3906/tar-1401-20

View : 20 | Download : 6

Publication Date : 2014-12-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Einkorn and emmer wheat are still cultivated in the mountainous areas of Turkey. They are resistant to biotic and abiotic stress conditions and are routinely used as food stuffs due to reasonable dietary fiber rate and vitamin and micronutrient content. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the feed potential of einkorn and emmer wheat populations. A total of 17 hulled wheat populations collected from different provinces of Turkey were studied during the years 2012 and 2013. Experiments were carried out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications to investigate grain yield, harvest index, chemical composition, and gas and methane production of the grain. Grain yield varied between 2.477 and 4.617 t ha–1, harvest index between 27.55% and 36.03%, crude protein insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(CP); between 6.69% and 16.22%, neutral detergent fiber insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(NDF); between 25.99% and 31.99%, acid detergent fiber insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(ADF); between 14.35% and 19.05%, crude oil insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(CO); between 1.33% and 2.05%, crude ash insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(CA); between 4.23% and 5.22%, metabolizable energy insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(ME); between 2.58 and 2.25 Mcal kg–1 DM, organic matter digestibility insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(OMD); between 65.59% and 72.73%, and gas production insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(GP); between 46.01 and 52.22 mL. While einkorn populations had higher ME, OMD, CP, and CO content values, emmer wheat populations had higher ADF and NDF rates. Moreover, there were significant variations in gas and methane production in all hulled wheat populations. Genotype-trait biplot analysis clearly indicated the variation limits of NDF, ADF, CP, OMD, ME, methane, GP, CO, and CA of hulled wheat populations. There were also significant linear relationships between CP and ME insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.585); and OMD insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.613);; between CO and GP insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.513);; and between GP and ME insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.623); and OMD insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0.696);. It was concluded that with regard to higher yield and digestibility, these hulled wheat populations could be used as basic germplasm for breeding of new einkorn and emmer wheat cultivars to be used as alternative feedstuff.
Keywords : Animal feeding, chemical composition, gas and methane production, genotype trait biplot analysis, hulled wheat