Evaluation of E330-induced developmental toxicity using FETAX

Authors : Ayper Boğa PEKMEZEKMEK, Uğur Seçil BİNOKAY, Kübra AKILLIOĞLU, Yaşar SERTDEMİR

Pages : 265-272

Doi:10.3906/biy-1204-24

View : 25 | Download : 9

Publication Date : 2013-12-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :The present study evaluates the teratogenic and toxicological effects of citric acid insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(E330);, a food additive, on Xenopus laevis embryos. The embryos were exposed to a range of E330 concentrations, from stage 8 to 11 of development, for 96 h under static renewal test conditions. The median lethal concentrations, no-observed adverse effect concentration insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(NOAEC);, lowest observed adverse effect concentration insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(LOAEC);, and minimum concentration to inhibit growth insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(MCIG); values were calculated. The lethal concentration insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(LC); values LC10, LC20, LC30, LC40, and LC50 determined for E330 exposure were 0.0113, 0.0117, 0.0119, 0.0122, and 0.0124 g/L, respectively. NOAEC and LOAEC values were calculated as 0.001 and 0.01 g/L. Since the effective concentration insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(EC50); value could not be determined, the E330 teratogenic index insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(TI);, which is LC50/EC50, was not calculated. MCIG was calculated to be 0.010 g/L. The anomaly rate in Xenopus embryos treated with E330 was quite low. Therefore, the endpoint for the Xenopus embryos was whether they were alive or dead at the end of the study. It can be concluded from these observations that using unlimited amounts of E330 may result in preterm birth or abortion in humans, and E330 usage must be reevaluated and, potentially, limited. Moreover, our results confirm that the Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay Xenopus insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(FETAX); can be a useful pretest for integrated biological hazard assessment.
Keywords : Key words Citric acid, E330, Xenopus, FETAX, teratogenicity