Induction and development of anther-derived gametic embryos in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) by optimizing the macronutrient and agar concentrations in culture medium

Authors : Mohammad Reza ABDOLLAHI, Samereh NAJAFI, Hasan SARIKHANI, Sayyed Saeed MOOSAVI

Pages : 571-579

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Publication Date : 2016-12-01

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Anther culture response of a cucumber cultivar insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Beta Alpha); and three Iranian landraces of cucumber insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(Basmenj, Isfahani, and Korki); on MS culture media with an altered macronutrient strength insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(half, full, 1.5-fold, and double-strength); or various concentrations of agar insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(0, 3.5, 7, and 14 g L-1); was evaluated in two separate experiments. The effect of different concentrations of agar on the development of callus-derived embryos was also assessed. The androgenic potentials of various cucumbers were significantly insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(P < 0.01); influenced by the different macronutrient strengths and agar concentrations, although anther culture responses could vary according to the cucumber type. A doubled strength of macronutrients in culture medium resulted in the highest percentage of callogenesis insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(100%); in Isfahani cucumber, while use of full strength of macronutrients produced the highest percentage of embryogenic calli insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(83.33%); in the mentioned landrace compared to other tested forms. The maximum number of gametic embryos insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1.26 and 1.23 embryos/anther); differentiated from Isfahani anther cultures on full- and half-strength MS medium, respectively. In the second experiment, the highest percentages of callogenesis were obtained in MS culture media solidified with 14 g L-1 and 7 g L-1 agar for Basmenj, with 3.5 g L-1 agar or liquid medium for Isfahani, with 7 g L-1 agar for Beta Alpha, and with 14 g L-1 agar for Korki. Culture media solidified with 7 g L-1 agar produced the highest percentage of embryogenic calli compared to other treatments. Anther culture of Korki cucumber on culture medium with 14 g L-1 agar produced the maximum number of embryos per anther compared to other cucumbers. Improved production of mature somatic embryos insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(torpedo and cotyledonary embryos); was achieved with higher agar concentrations insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(7 and 14 g L-1); for the cucumber cultivar and all landraces.
Keywords : Cucumis sativus L, anther culture, macronutrients, agar concentration, embryo maturation