Effect of touch coordinate display as a form of augmented, concurrent visual feedback on the accuracy of single-handed typing via smartphone virtual keyboards

Authors : Abdullah Ruhi SOYLU, Görkem YAVAŞ, Bora ERGİN, Sumru KEÇELİ

Pages : 1724-1732

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Publication Date : 0000-00-00

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :This study assessed the effect of an easily perceived real-time visual feedback method on touchscreen typing accuracy. Thirty subjects were asked to hold a smartphone with a capacitive touchscreen in one hand and enter a text using the thumb of the same hand via a custom designed virtual keyboard. There were two types of text entry sessions: with or without visual feedback. The visual feedback consisted of a full-screen crosshair, representing the accurate coordinate of touch in real time. In each session, touch-down time on the virtual keyboard and touch coordinates were recorded for every touch action. Two types of typing errors were defined: 1); centering error insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(CE);, which was calculated as the mm distance between the coordinate of the touch and the center of the key, and 2); incorrect entry insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IE);, which was the number of missed keys. Student t-tests and Wilcoxon tests were used for mean and mean-rank comparisons of CE and IE, respectively. The results showed that visual feedback decreased CE insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(mean $\pm $ SD); significantly from 1.34 $\pm $ 0.38 mm to 0.85 $\pm $ 0.24 mm insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(P < 0.0005);, and decreased IE insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(median and range, # of incorrect entries); significantly from 5.50 and 32.00 to 1.00 and 7.00 insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(P < 0.005);. In conclusion, the accurate, easily perceived, and 2D real-time feedback decreases touch-typing error rates markedly and therefore can be of practical importance for increasing the productivity of smartphone users.
Keywords : Concurrent visual feedback, capacitive touch screen, single handed touch typing