Efficacy of Solanum villosum Mill. (Solanaceae: Solanales ) as a Biocontrol Agent against Fourth Instar Larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus Say

Authors : Nandita CHOWDHURY, Indranil BHATTACHARJEE, Subrata LASKAR, Goutam CHANDRA

Pages : 365-370

View : 20 | Download : 10

Publication Date : 0000-00-00

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Dried ground leaves of Solanum villosum, Mill. were extracted with 5 different solvents [petroleum ether, benzene, choloform:methanol insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1:1 v/v);, acetone, and absolute alcohol] to determine the best extractant for subsequent isolation and characterization of larviciding compounds. Each batch of larvae insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(10 per batch); was treated with 30 ppm, 50 ppm, and 100 ppm of each extract in 3 replicates. All eluted fractions were found to induce significant mortality in test mosquito species. The petroleum ether eluted fraction was the least toxic, whereas the chloroform:methanol insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1:1 v/v); eluted fraction was the most toxic to the larvae. A very high mortality rate insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(86.67%); was observed at 100 ppm test solution after 24 h of exposure. LC50 values of the leaves with biologically active different solvent extracts like petroleum ether, absolute alcohol, benzene, acetone, and chloroform:methanol insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1:1 v/v); were 645.745 ppm, 321.890 ppm, 204.302 ppm, 107.657 ppm, and 39.192 ppm, respectively, after 24 h of exposure period. Mortality rate with chloroform:methanol insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1:1 v/v); extract was significantly higher insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(P < 0.05); in 100 ppm than in other extracts. The bioactive fraction of chloroform:methanol insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1:1 v/v); was isolated by thin layered chromatography insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(TLC);, and the LC50 value was determined as 3.179 mg/100 ml after 24 h of study period.
Keywords : Solanum villosum, Culex quinquefasciatus, biocontrol, bioassay, LC50