Tracheostomy experiences in chronic respiratory failure after congenital heart surgery

Authors : Başak SORAN TÜRKCAN, Atakan ATALAY, Mustafa YILMAZ, Ata Niyazi ECEVİT, Cemal Levent BIRINCIOĞLU

Pages : 294-298

Doi:10.18663/tjcl.1261923

View : 20 | Download : 19

Publication Date : 2023-06-30

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Introduction A small number of children with repaired congenital heart defects may require a tracheostomy for ongoing ventilatory support. Congenital airway anomalies, laryngomalacia, postoperative airway complications and genetic syndromes associated with airway and facial anomalies, such as DiGeorge Syndrome insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(22q11 deletion);, can be counted among the reasons why patients are unable to be weaned from the ventilator. In this study, we aimed to define the outcomes of patients who required a tracheostomy due to chronic respiratory failure after congenital heart surgery, and the existing risk factors for in-hospital and post-discharge mortality. Materials and methods The files of 1382 patients who underwent surgery due to CHD in the Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic in ……………., between February 2019 and February 2023, were retrospectively scanned. Patients’ age, gender, body weight, cardiac diagnosis, surgical intervention, length of stay in the intensive care unit, number of extubation attempts, total length of stay on the ventilator, need for ventilator at discharge, rates of weaning from tracheostomy and time of weaning from tracheostomy and mortality rates, were obtained from patient files and hospital database. Results Tracheostomy was performed in 15 of 1382 patients who underwent surgery during the four year study period. Mean insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(SD); duration of ventilation prior to tracheostomy was 35 days insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IQR= 19 – 47);. The median follow up time in patients was 224 days insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IQR=116-538);. Three patients were decannulated and six had died. Causes of death in six patients included sepsis insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(2);, cardiac instability insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1);, neurological complications insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(2); and pulmonary haemorraghia insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(1);. The median time to discharge after tracheostomy in patients was 51 days insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(IQR= 33.50 – 147);. Eight patients insert ignore into journalissuearticles values(53.3%); were discharged on home ventilation. Causes of deaths were often multifactorial for children who died during their initial hospital stay. Mortality was seen in six patients, a rate of 40%. Conclusion The need for tracheostomy after cardiac surgery plays an important role in early and late mortality in children. Ventilator-dependent chronic respiratory failure is the most common cause of childhood tracheostomies. We believe that determining the optimal timing for tracheostomy in the pediatric population will be effective in reducing prolonged ventilation and tracheostomy-related morbidities.
Keywords : konjenital kalp hastalıkları, trakeostomi, kronik solunum yetmezliği, kardiyak cerrahi