Gender and age differences in antihypertensive drug use and blood pressure control

Authors : Ahmet Kıvrak, Veysel Ozan Tanık

Pages : 626-632

Doi:10.18663/tjcl.1599295

View : 32 | Download : 74

Publication Date : 2024-12-31

Article Type : Research Paper

Abstract :Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impact of gender on antihypertensive treatment patterns and blood pressure (BP) control in hypertensive patients. Material and Methods: This retrospective study included 918 hypertensive patients (mean age: 56.5 ± 12.3 years; 530 men, 388 women) under antihypertensive treatment, including diuretics, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers (CCB), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB). BP control was defined as systolic and diastolic BP being <140/90 mmHg during the 6-month follow-up. Antihypertensive medications and BP control were compared between genders, and subgroup analyses were performed based on age groups. Results: In the general population, BP control did not show a significant difference between genders. ACE inhibitors were prescribed more frequently to men (45.7% vs. 33.5%, p < 0.001), while women were more likely to receive monotherapy (24.2% vs. 19.6%, p < 0.05). Women showed better BP control with diuretics than men (46.6% vs. 34.1%, p = 0.037), and monotherapy was more effective in women than in men (38.3% vs. 23.1%, p = 0.020). Younger women (18–44 years) using calcium channel blockers (CCBs) demonstrated superior BP control compared to men in the same age group (41.2% vs. 31.3%, p = 0.042). Other antihypertensive drugs showed no significant gender- and age-related differences in their effect on BP control. Conclusion: Gender-based differences were observed in antihypertensive treatment patterns and BP control. Women showed better BP control with monotherapy and specific drug classes like diuretics and CCBs in younger populations. These findings highlight the importance of gender-specific strategies in hypertension management to optimize outcomes.
Keywords : Antihipertansif ilaçlar, cinsiyet, hipertansiyon, kan basıncı.